{"id":703,"date":"2016-09-05T14:16:57","date_gmt":"2016-09-05T19:16:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/interfluency.com\/?p=703"},"modified":"2021-02-21T17:27:41","modified_gmt":"2021-02-21T23:27:41","slug":"word-of-a-thousand-disguises-the-long-strange-career-of-freak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/interfluency.com\/en\/2016\/09\/05\/word-of-a-thousand-disguises-the-long-strange-career-of-freak\/","title":{"rendered":"Word of a thousand disguises: the long, strange career of \u201cfreak\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/interfluency.wordpress.com\/2016\/09\/05\/la-palabra-de-los-mil-disfraces-la-larga-y-extrana-carrera-de-freak\/\">Enlace para espa\u00f1ol\/Link here for Spanish<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Dear reader,<\/p>\n<p>Words change across years and generations. They change spelling, sound, and especially meaning. But some follow such long and winding paths, so full of surprises, it can be incredible. One of these is the English word \u201cfreak.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div data-shortcode=\"caption\" id=\"attachment_1591\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1591\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-1591\" src=\"https:\/\/interfluency.files.wordpress.com\/2016\/09\/circus-poster-photo-ala-walker-evans-1935-ammemory-loc-id-fsa1998017988slashpp.png?w=300&amp;h=237\" alt=\"Circus poster photo, Ala., Walker Evans [1935] [AmMemory LOC id- fsa1998017988(slash)PP]\" width=\"300\" height=\"237\"><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-1591\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A&nbsp;key association of \u201cfreak\u201d is with the circus, where it meant a person displayed due to&nbsp;some unusual (even hideous) characteristic such as extreme height, extra fingers, etc. This photo of a circus poster was taken in Alabama in 1935 by Walker Evans. (Source: Library of Congress, American Memory website)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Brave, fierce warrior.<\/strong>&nbsp; From Old English, this sense dates to A.D. 900 or before.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sudden fancy, whim.<\/strong>&nbsp; This use was well established by the early 19th century. \u201cA sudden freak seemed to have seized him\u201d (Jane Austen). Spanish equivalents: <em>capricho, locura.<\/em> Not much used anymore. But <em>freak out<\/em> is\u2014meaning a highly nervous or irrational reaction to a situation:&nbsp;\u201cI need you to stay calm\u2014don\u2019t freak out on me.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Enthusiast.<\/strong>&nbsp; From the sense of \u201cwhim\u201d arose that of \u201centhusiast.\u201d It\u2019s still common to hear, \u201cShe\u2019s a health freak.\u201d Spanish: <em>Es una mani\u00e1tica de la salud.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abnormal or extreme specimen.<\/strong> From \u201cwhim\u201d came, too, the idea of the abnormal. A very tall person could be called \u201ca freak\u201d or \u201ca freak of nature.\u201d Around 1920 the term \u201ccircus freak\u201d began to grow in use. It referred to an unfortunate person or animal fated to be exhibited in a circus, fair, or carnival. Spanish has <em>fen\u00f3meno del circo<\/em>. Typical attractions might be \u201cThe Bearded Lady\u201d or \u201cThe Two-Headed Calf.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Unusual, odd, rare.<\/strong> Similar to the previous sense, but distinct, is this broader one: as an adjective,&nbsp;\u201cfreak\u201d can simply mean&nbsp;\u201cunusual, odd, rare.\u201d For instance,&nbsp;\u201ca freak early-summer snowstorm\u201d or&nbsp;\u201ca freak occurrence.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Drug user. <\/strong>In the 1960s and 1970s, it was commonplace to hear \u201cfreak\u201d for an enthusiastic drug user, usually of marijuana or LSD. &nbsp;It was also associated, in men, with beards and long hair. The combination \u201chippie freak\u201d was common. An underground comic of the era was <em>The Fabulous Furry Freak Brothers<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nymphomaniac, hypersexual person. <\/strong>The drug-related sense began to give way to a new one. Rick James used it when he famously sang, \u201cSuper freak, the girl\u2019s a super freak!\u201d The meaning is that an individual is presumably insatiable in the sexual realm. Spanish has <em>ninf\u00f3mana<\/em> and many slang terms, including <em>loca<\/em> (the feminine form of the adjective for \u201ccrazy\u201d), much used in Argentina and Uruguay.<\/p>\n<p><em>Copyright \u00a92016 by Pablo J. Davis. &nbsp;All Rights Reserved. An earlier version of this essay originally appeared in the May&nbsp;8-14, 2016&nbsp;edition of&nbsp;<\/em>La Prensa&nbsp;<em>Latina (Memphis, Tennessee) as number 179 in the weekly bilingual column,&nbsp;\u201cMisterios y Engimas de la Traducci\u00f3n\/Mysteries and Enigmas of Translation\u201d. &nbsp;Pablo Juli\u00e1n Davis, PhD, CT is an ATA (American Translators Association) Certified Translator, Engl&gt;Span; a Tennessee State Courts Certified Interpreter, Engl&lt;&gt;Span; and an innovative trainer in the fields of translation, interpreting, and intercultural competency, with over 25 years experience. He holds the doctorate in Latin American History from The Johns Hopkins University, and is a Juris Doctor Candidate at the Cecil C. Humphreys School of Law, University of Memphis (May 2017).<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Enlace para espa\u00f1ol\/Link here for Spanish Dear reader, Words change across years and generations. They change spelling, sound, and especially meaning. But some follow such long and winding paths, so full of surprises, it can be incredible. One of these is the English word \u201cfreak.\u201d A&nbsp;key association of \u201cfreak\u201d is with the circus, where it [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[93],"tags":[95,161,44,555,491,556,244,51,19,20,557],"class_list":{"0":"post-703","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-interflows-language-culture-blog","7":"tag-pablo-j-davis","8":"tag-certified","9":"tag-davis","10":"tag-derivation","11":"tag-etymology","12":"tag-freak","13":"tag-origin","14":"tag-pablo","15":"tag-translation","16":"tag-translator","17":"tag-word","18":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Word of a thousand disguises: the long, strange career of \u201cfreak\u201d - Interfluency<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/interfluency.com\/en\/2016\/09\/05\/word-of-a-thousand-disguises-the-long-strange-career-of-freak\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Word of a thousand disguises: the long, strange career of \u201cfreak\u201d - Interfluency\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Enlace para espa\u00f1ol\/Link here for Spanish Dear reader, Words change across years and generations. They change spelling, sound, and especially meaning. But some follow such long and winding paths, so full of surprises, it can be incredible. One of these is the English word \u201cfreak.\u201d A&nbsp;key association of \u201cfreak\u201d is with the circus, where it [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/interfluency.com\/en\/2016\/09\/05\/word-of-a-thousand-disguises-the-long-strange-career-of-freak\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Interfluency\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-09-05T19:16:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-02-21T23:27:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/interfluency.files.wordpress.com\/2016\/09\/circus-poster-photo-ala-walker-evans-1935-ammemory-loc-id-fsa1998017988slashpp.png?w=300&amp;h=237\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Pablo J. 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